Multimodal imaging features of acute macular neuroretinopathy associated with COVID-19 / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the multimodal imaging features of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) associated with COVID-19.Methods:A retrospective case study. A total of 52 eyes of 26 patients of AMN associated with COVID-19 diagnosed in Handan Eye Hospital from December 8 to 20, 2022 were included in the study. There were 8 males and 18 females, with the mean age of (33.8±8.1) years. All the patients were bilateral. The time from diagnosis of COVID-19 to the onset of vision loss was 3 to 6 days. All patients underwent the examinations of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus color photography, infrared fundus photography (IR), fundus autofluorescence (AF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) combined with indoxine green angiography (ICGA) were performed in 12 eyes, and visual field were performed in 18 eyes. Multimodal image features of the affected eye were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The BCVA of the affected eye was 0.25 to 1.0. Round or mottled grayish-white lesions in the macular area were seen in all affected eyes. IR examination showed irregular map-like weak reflex in macular region. AF examination showed speckled fluorescence enhancement in lesion related areas in 3 eyes. FFA combined with ICGA showed weak fluorescence in the macular region in 8 eyes. OCT examination showed patchy strong reflection in the outer plexus layer (OPL) and outer nuclear layer (ONL) of macular area in all affected eyes, and partial absence of outer membrane and ellipsoid band. The en-face OCT showed petal-like intense refleciton between OPL and ONL. Eighteen eyes underwent visual field, and 15 eyes had central dark spots.Conclusion:The characteristic manifestations of AMN associated with COVID-19 are speckled or round-like grayish-white lesions in the macular area, weak reflexes in IR, enhanced OPL and ONL reflexes in OCT, and petal-like intense refleciton changes between OPL and ONL can be seen in en-face OCT.

Plant prime editing technique: a new genome editing tool for plants / 生物工程学报

The CRISPR/Cas9 based prime editing (PE) technique enables all 12 types of base substitutions and precise small DNA deletions or insertions without generating DNA double-strand breaks. Prime editing has been successfully applied in plants and plays important roles in plant precision breeding. Although plant prime editing (PPE) can substantially expand the scope and capabilities of precise genome editing in plants, its editing efficiency still needs to be further improved. Here, we review the development of PPE technique, and introduce structural composition, advantages and limitations of PPE. Strategies to improve the PPE editing efficiency, including the Tm-directed PBS length design, the RT template length, the dual-pegRNA strategy, the PlantPegDesigner website, and the strategies for optimizing the target proteins of PPE, were highlighted. Finally, the prospects of future development and application of PPE were discussed.

The variation in promoter sequences of the Akt3 gene between cow and buffalo revealed different responses against mastitis.

BACKGROUND: Serine/threonine kinase 3 (AKT3) is a protein-coding gene that is associated with several cattle immune diseases including different tumors and cancers. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in structures and functions of AKT3 of cow and buffalo cattle. METHODS: The sequence differences of gene-coding sequence (CDS) and core promoter region of AKT3 in cow and buffalo were analyzed by using bioinformatics tools and PCR sequencing. Also, the functional analysis of promoter regulating gene expression by RT-PCR was performed using 500 Holstein cows and buffalos. And, evaluation of AKT3 inflammatory response to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis was performed between both species. RESULTS: The results revealed the variation in 6 exons out of 13 exons of the two species of CDS. Also, 4 different regions in 3-kb promoters of the AKT3 gene were significantly different between cow and buffalo species, in which cow's AKT3 promoter sequence region was started from - 371 to - 1247, while in buffalo, the sequence was started from - 371 to - 969 of the promoter crucial region. Thus, the promoter was overexpressed in cows compared to buffaloes. As a result, significant differences (P < 0.05) between the two species in the AKT3 gene expression level related to the LPS stimulation in their mammary epithelial cell line. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasized the great importance of the structural differences of AKT3 between the animal species on their different responses against immune diseases like mastitis.

Transcriptomic in silico analysis of bovine Escherichia coli mastitis highlights its immune-related expressed genes as an effective biomarker.

BACKGROUND: Mastitis is one of the major diseases causing economic loss to the dairy industry by reducing the quantity and quality of milk. Thus, the objective of this scientific study was to find new biomarkers based on genes for the early prediction before its severity. METHODS: In the present study, advanced bioinformatics including hierarchical clustering, enrichment analysis, active site prediction, epigenetic analysis, functional domain identification, and protein docking were used to analyze the important genes that could be utilized as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for mastitis. RESULTS: Four differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in different regions of the mammary gland (teat cistern, gland cistern, lobuloalveolar, and Furstenberg's rosette) that resulted in 453, 597, 577, and 636 DEG, respectively. Also, 101 overlapped genes were found by comparing 27 different expressed genes. These genes were associated with eight immune response pathways including NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (IL8, IL18, IL1B, PYDC1) and chemokine signaling pathway (PTK2, IL8, NCF1, CCR1, HCK). Meanwhile, 241 protein-protein interaction networks were developed among overlapped genes. Fifty-seven regulatory events were found between miRNAs, expressed genes, and the transcription factors (TFs) through micro-RNA and transcription factors (miRNA-DEG-TF) regulatory network. The 3D structure docking model of the expressed genes proteins identified their active sites and the binding ligands that could help in choosing the appropriate feed or treatment for affected animals. CONCLUSIONS: The novelty of the distinguished DEG and their pathways in this study is that they can precisely improve the detection biomarkers and treatments techniques of cows' Escherichia coli mastitis disease due to their high affinity with the target site of the mammary gland before appearing the symptoms.

Predictive value of S100A9 for lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Lymph node metastasis affects the initial treatment strategy for cervical cancer and is hard to be diagnosed in clinical practice.This paper aims to explore the relationship between calcium-binding A9 (S100A9) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in cervical cancer, and to determine the predictive value of S100A9 for LNM in cervical cancer.@*METHODS@#We performed a retrospective cohort study and collected the pathological data, follow-up data, and paraffin tissue samples of 99 patients with cervical cancer who underwent modified extensive or extensive hysterectomy plus pelvic lymphadenectomy at the Department of Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2013 to December 2018. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of S100A9 in cervical cancer tissues, and the correlation between S100A9 expression and LNM of cervical cancer, or clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to establish a predictive model for LNM of cervical cancer, and Chi-square test of four-grid table was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of S100A9 for LNM in cervical cancer.@*RESULTS@#The expression of S100A9 was significantly correlated with LNM. The S100A9 immunohistochemical semi-quantitative score of the LNM group was significantly higher than that in the non-lymph node metastasis group (<0.001). Moreover, the expression of S100A9 was significantly correlated with histological type, stromal invasion, lymphatic vessel invasion, or LNM (<0.05). The cut-off of the ROC curve for predicting LNM was 5, with the Youden index of 0.649 and the area under the ROC curve of 0.863. The disease-free survival and overall survival in the S100A9 positive group were significantly shorter than those in the negative group (<0.05). S100A9 alone had a sensitivity of 71.4%, a specificity of 91.5%, and an accuracy of 85.1% for diagnosing LNM. Imaging had a sensitivity of 32.1%, a specificity of 74.6%, and an accuracy of 60.9%. Combination of S100A9 with image examination in parallel test had a sensitivity of 85.7%, a specificity of 71.2%, and an accuracy of 75.9%, while combination of S100A9 and image examination in serial test had a sensitivity of 17.9%, a specificity of 98.3%, and an accuracy of 72.4%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#S100A9 may be associated with LNM in cervical cancer. S100A9 shows a promising perspective in predicting LNM in cervical cancer. Combination of S100A9 and image examination in serial test has a high specificity for LNM.

Level of Sorcin expression influences chemoresistance and overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the correlation between soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein (Sorcin) and chemoresistance or overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer.
 Methods: We detected the expression of Sorcin in 27 cases of chemoresistant ovarian cancer tissue and 37 cases of sensitive ovarian cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry, and analyzed the relationship between the protein and clinicopathological features or chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Log-rank test was used to analyze the single factor impact on overall survival, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to describe survival curve, and Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis.
 Results: The immunoreactive scores for Sorcin in chemoresistant ovarian cancer tissues were higher than those in the sensitive ovarian cancer tissues (P0.05). The correlation between Sorcin and overall survival in resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while there was a negative correlation between the expression of Sorcin and the overall survival of total cases (r=-0.326, P0.05). Cox proportional hazard model showed that drug resistance had a significant effect on overall survival (P<0.001), with a relative risk at 8.635, and the survival curve of the ovarian cancer sensitive group was obviously superior to that of ovarian cancer drug resistance group.
 Conclusion: Sorcin may be associated with drug resistance in ovarian cancer. The expression of Sorcin is correlated with the overall survival. The lower the Sorcin expression, the longer the survival time. Chemoresistance may act as an important independent prognostic factor for the poor prognosis for ovarian cancer.

Analysis of Bos taurus and Sus scrofa X and Y chromosome transcriptome highlights reproductive driver genes.

The biology of sperm, its capability of fertilizing an egg and its role in sex ratio are the major biological questions in reproductive biology. To answer these question we integrated X and Y chromosome transcriptome across different species: Bos taurus and Sus scrofa and identified reproductive driver genes based on Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) algorithm. Our strategy resulted in 11007 and 10445 unique genes consisting of 9 and 11 reproductive modules in Bos taurus and Sus scrofa, respectively. The consensus module calculation yields an overall 167 overlapped genes which were mapped to 846 DEGs in Bos taurus to finally get a list of 67 dual feature genes. We develop gene co-expression network of selected 67 genes that consists of 58 nodes (27 down-regulated and 31 up-regulated genes) enriched to 66 GO biological process (BP) including 6 GO annotations related to reproduction and two KEGG pathways. Moreover, we searched significantly related TF (ISRE, AP1FJ, RP58, CREL) and miRNAs (bta-miR-181a, bta-miR-17-5p, bta-miR-146b, bta-miR-146a) which targeted the genes in co-expression network. In addition we performed genetic analysis including phylogenetic, functional domain identification, epigenetic modifications, mutation analysis of the most important reproductive driver genes PRM1, PPP2R2B and PAFAH1B1 and finally performed a protein docking analysis to visualize their therapeutic and gene expression regulation ability.

Correlations between the p-Akt-mTOR-p70S6K pathway and clinicopathological features or chemoresistance of ovarian cancer / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To study the relationship between alpha seine/threonine-protein kinase (p-Akt)-serine/ threonine-protein kinase (mTOR)-ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway and clinicopathological features or chemoresistance of ovarian cancer.Methods:We checked the p-Akt,mTOR and p70S6K protein levels in 18 tissues with chemoresistance or 25 with chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer by immunohistochemistry technique,and analyzed the relationship between those proteins and clinicopathological features or chemoresistance of ovarian cancer.Results:The levels of p-Akt protein in ovarian serous carcinoma,mucinous carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma were 77.14%,50.00% and 66.67%,respectively,with no significant difference (P>0.05).The levels of these proteins in well-middle differentiated carcinoma and low differentiated carcinoma were 73.33% and 75.00%,respectively,with no significant difference (P>0.05).The levels of these proteins in Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage carcinoma,and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage carcinoma were 18.18% and 93.75%,respectively,with significant difference (P0.05).The levels of this protein in well-middle differentiated carcinoma and low differentiated carcinoma were 80.00% and 78.57%,respectively,with no significant difference (P>0.05).The levels of this protein in Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage carcinoma,and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage carcinoma were 27.27% and 96.88%,respectively,with significant difference (P0.05).The levels of this protein in well-middle differentiated carcinoma and low differentiated carcinoma were 93.33% and 78.57%,respectively,with no significant difference (P>0.05).The levels of this protein in Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage carcinoma,and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage carcinoma were 45.45% and 96.88%,respectively,with significant difference (P<0.05).The levels of p-Akt protein in tissue of chemoresistance and chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer were 88.89% and 64.00%,respectively,with significant difference (P<0.05).The levels of mTOR protein in tissue of chemoresistance and chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer were 94.44% and 68.00%,respectively,with significant difference (P<0.05).The levels of p70S6K protein in tissue of chemoresistance and chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer were 100.00% and 72.00%,respectively,with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion:The p-Akt-mTOR-p70S6K signaling pathway may take part in invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer.The up-regulation of these proteins may be associated with the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer,and these proteins may have potential to be the prognostic markers for the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer.

CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics: a cure for cancer and other genetic diseases.

Cancer is caused by a series of alterations in genome and epigenome mostly resulting in activation of oncogenes or inactivation of cancer suppressor genes. Genetic engineering has become pivotal in the treatment of cancer and other genetic diseases, especially the formerly-niche use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated with Cas9. In defining its superior use, we have followed the recent advances that have been made in producing CRISPR/Cas9 as a therapy of choice. We also provide important genetic mutations where CRISPRs can be repurposed to create adaptive immunity to fight carcinomas and edit genetic mutations causing it. Meanwhile, challenges to CRISPR technology are also discussed with emphasis on ability of pathogens to evolve against CRISPRs. We follow the recent developments on the function of CRISPRs with different carriers which can efficiently deliver it to target cells; furthermore, analogous technologies are also discussed along CRISPRs, including zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). Moreover, progress in clinical applications of CRISPR therapeutics is reviewed; in effect, patients can have lower morbidity and/or mortality from the therapeutic method with least possible side-effects.

Clinical Observation of Different Administration of Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Secretory Otitis Me-dia / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of different administration of dexamethasone in the treatment of se-cretory otitis media. METHODS:Data of 92 patients with secretory otitis media was retrospectively collected and divided into ob-servation group(43 cases)and control group(49 cases)by different administration. Observation group received 5 mg Dexametha-sone injection by injection in the eustachian tube in the assisted by video laryngoscope,once every 2 day. Control group received 5 mg Dexamethasone injection by injection in the eustachian tube,once every 2 day. 7-day was regarded as 1 treatment course. 1 more course for uncured patients,and no more than 4 courses. Clinical efficacy,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10 levels before and after treatment,and 1-year cumulative recurrence rate after cured and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was signifi-cantly higher than control group,1-year cumulative recurrence rate after cured was significantly lower than control group,the dif-ferences were statistically significant(P0.05). After treatment,TNF-α and IL-6 level in 2 groups were significantly lower than before, and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy of dexamethasone by injection in the eustachian tube in the assisted by electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy is superior to auripuncture administration,it can reduce re-currence rate,with good safety.

Clinical Observation of Sequential Chemotherapy on the Basis of 5-Fu Combined with Three-dimensional Conformal Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Postoperative Advanced Gastric Cancer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of sequential chemotherapy on the basis of 5-FU combined with three-dimensional conformal intensity modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of postoperative advanced gastric cancer. METH-ODS:110 patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into control group(55 cases)and sequential group(55 cas-es). Control group was given 400 mg/(m2·d) 5-FU injection by intravenous injection,then given 600 mg/m2 for continuous infu-sion 22 h,d1-2+50 mg/d Pirarubicin hydrochloride for injection,intravenous injection,d1+150 mg/d Oxaliplatin for injection,intra-venous injection,d1,three-dimensional conformal intensity modulated radiotherapy was conducted for 2 weeks after the 4th chemo-therapy,and the total dosage was DT40-45 Gy/1.8 Gy/24-25F. sequential group was additionally given three-dimensional conformal intensity modulated radiotherapy;3-week was regarded as a treatment course,and it lasted 6 courses. The total survival rate and progression-free survival rate in 1,2 and 3 years,metastasis rate and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were followed-up. RESULTS:The total survival rate and progression-free survival rate in 1,2 and 3 years in sequential group were significantly high-er than control group,lymphatic metastasis rate and distant metastasis rate in sequential group were significantly lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Sequential chemotherapy on the basis of 5-FU combined with three-dimensional conformal intensity modulated radiotherapy can effectively prolong the survival time and reduce long-term metastasis rate of patients in the treatment of postoperative advanced gastric cancer,with similar safety.

Study Advances in Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Codonopsis lanceolata / 中国药师

Objective:To review the chemical and pharmacological activities of Codonopsis lanceolata in order to provide reference for the further development of C. lanceolata. Methods:The related literatures at home and abroad in the past 40 years were reviewed and analyzed, and then the chemical components and pharmacological actions of C. lanceolata were summarized. Results: The major chemical constiturents in C. lanceolata were terpenoids, alkaloids, phenylethanoid glycoside and flavonoids. The pharmacological ac-tivities were antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiplatelet aggregation, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, etc. Con-clusion:The review provides reference for the further development and comprehensive utilization of C. lanceolata. The development of relevant safe and effective agents is still needed, and at present, the definition of mechanism and the extension of clinical application remain as the primary tasks of the exploration of C. lanceolata.

Effect of sildenafil on morphology to noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of sildenafil on morphology to noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs.@*METHOD@#Guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group, noise exposure group and the sildenafil treatment group, 12 in each group. a week after white noise exposure of 110 dB, sildenafil (10 mg/kg x d) and NS (4 ml/kg x d) were injected into guinea pigs of the sildenafil treatment group and noise exposure group respectively for four continuous weeks. ABR thresholds were measured respectively prior to the experiment, 1 week post-noise, 1, 2 and 4 weeks post-drugs, the changes of cochlea hair cells were also observed with a scan electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope.@*RESULT@#The ABR threshold shifts in the sildenafil treatment group were significantly fewer than that in the noise exposure group. SEM showed that hear hair of the inner and outer hair cells in noise exposure group displayed mess, fusion and imperfections. In the sildenafil treatment group, the hair cells displayed slight pathological changes, there wasn't significant differents comparied with normal group. The number of OHCs were relatively stable in the normal group, while the obvious OHC loss was observed in other groups. There was significant difference among the three groups, however, the OHC loss in the sildenafil treatment group was not significantly different to that in the noise exposure (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Sildenafil can significantly protect against noise-induced hearing loss.

The Effect of the PDE5 Inhibitor on Noise-induced Hearing Loss / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the effect of the PDE5 inhibitor on noise-induced hearing loss .Methods 30 guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group ,noise exposure group and PDE5 inbibiter group(10 in each) . Two weeks after white noise exposure of 110 dB ,sildenafil (10 mg?kg -1 ?d-1 ) and NS(4 ml?kg -1 ?d-1 ) were injected into guinea pigs of PDE5 inbibiter group and the noise group respectively .One week after noise exposure four weeks continuous administration was cavried out .The ABR thresholds and the PL of wave Ⅰ were measured respectively prior to the experiment ,1 week post-noise ,1 ,2 and 4 weeks post-drugs .The changes of cochlea hair cells were also observed by light microscopy .Results The ABR threshold shifts and the PL in sildenafil group were less obvious than that of in the noise group .The number of OHCs loss was relatively stable in the normal group , while the obvious OHC loss was observed in other groups .There was significant difference among the three groups , however ,the OHC loss in the sildenafil treatment group was not significantly different from that in the noise expo‐sure (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The inhibitor of PDE5 is able to reduce the decrease of ABR thresholds shift ,shorten the extension of the PL ,and it can significantly protect against noise-induced hearing loss .

Study of association between interstitial Cells of cajal in bile duct and drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis / 重庆医学

Objective To study the effect of emodin on biochemical indicators of drug‐induced intrahepatic cholestasis model and the interstitial cells of cajal (ICC) in bile duct and to explore the role of ICC and emodin in intrahepatic cholestasis .Methods Fif‐teen rats were randomly divided into drug‐induced intrahepatic cholestasis group ,emodin intervention group and control group(n=5) .Rat cholestatic hepatitis model and emodin intervention model were established .RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect liver function ,c‐kit mRNA and protein expression levels in drug‐induced intrahepatic cholestasis group ,emodin interven‐tion group and control group .Results The degree of liver dysfunction and bilirubin level in drug‐induced intrahepatic cholestasis group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0 .05) .Immunohistochemistry results indi‐cated that expression of c‐kit in drug‐induced intrahepatic cholestasis group was significantly lower than those in control group and emodin intervention group(P<0 .05) .Conclusion There may be close relationship between the forming process of drug‐induced in‐trahepatic cholestasis and decrease of ICC in bile duct .The therapeutic effect of emodin on intrahepatic cholestasis may be related with the number of ICC in bile duct or the positive effect on ICC.

Expression and significance of Dkk-1 and Bcl-2 protein in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the expression and significance of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) and cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) protein in sinonasal squamoucell carcinoma(SNSCC) .MethodThe immunohistochemical SP method and Western blomethod were adopted to determine the expression of Dkk-1 and Bcl-2 in 30 specimenof SNSC(SNSCgroup) ,38 specimenof sinonasal inverted papillomas(SNIP group) and 20 specimenof middle turbinate mucosa(control group) .ResultThe expression of DKK-1 protein in the SNSCgroup wasignificantly down-regulated compared with the SNIP group and the control group ,while the expression of Bcl-2 protein in the SNSCgroup wasignificantly up-regulated compared with the SNIP group and the control group;in the SNSCgroup ,the positive rateof DKK-1 protein and Bcl-2 protein in the high and middle differentiation group and the low differentiation group were 100 .00% ,68 .75% ,33 .33% and 50 .00% ,62 .50% ,100 .00% respectively ,the differencewere statistically significan(P＜0 .05) .Conclusion Dkk-1 protein may play an importanpromoting role in the developmenand pro-gression procesof SNSC,the expression of Dkk-1 protein hanegative correlation with the expression of Bcl-2 protein in SNSC,which may become new targespoof SNSCgene therapy .

Investigation of nasal mucosa diseases changes with age and local climate / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo study of the relationship of age and climate with the nasal mucosa lesions.METHODSAll the patients met with the inclusive criteria were registered and followed-up once a month and their nasal mucosal lesions were observed through nasal speculum and/or nasal endoscope. The recording data was analyzed by SPSS17.0 software.RESULTSA total of 259 patients, 555 person-times and 957 lesion spots were observed. The nasal mucosa was injured by airflow with the highest incidence rate from October to next year April. Patients numbers gradually increased after August, and significantly increased at November, December (P<0.05). Children aged from 2 to 12 years old and the adults aged from 40 to 80 years old were susceptible population (P<0.05), the incidence rate had a negative relation with humidity (P<0.05). The susceptible spots of the lesion were ranked as follows: Little area, inferior turbinate, mucosa of the both side of the deviated nasal septum, inferior meatus, middle meatus, middle turbinate and olfactory area. CONCLUSIONNasal mucosal injury relates to age and seasons. The nasal cavity airflow may be a factor of these lesions.

Summary and analysis of internet-based infectious diseases image materials / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper summarizes the features of web sites that would be useful to infectious diseases physicians by exploring the Internet through search engine including Google,Baidu and Yahoo.Meanwhile,suggestions from professional forums,web sites and publications are also taken into consideration.Nine Comprehensive sites containing three categories and more of microbial pathogens,nine special sites for parasites,four special sites for fungi,two special sites for viruses and two special sites for bacteria are collected.Subjective navigation for each site is given.Features of these sites,including laboratory images,clinical images and number of images are also described.

Seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies to human adenovirus type 5, human adenovirus type 26 and chimpanzee adenovirus type 68 in patients with chronic hepatitis B and patients with primary liver cancer / 中国病理生理杂志

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To investigate the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies to human adenovirus type 5 (AdHu5) , human adenovirus type 26 (AdHu26) and chimpanzee adenovirus type 68 (AdC68) in the patients with chro-nic hepatitis B ( CHB) and the patients with primary liver cancer ( PLC) , and to provide guidance for developing safe and effective biotherapy vectors against CHB and PLC.METHODS:The blood samples from 196 patients with CHB and 193 patients with PLC were examined to assess the presence of neutralizing antibodies against AdHu5, AdHu26 and AdC68 by adenovirus neutralization assays.RESULTS:The seroprevalence rates of neutralizing antibodies to AdHu5, AdHu26 and AdC68 in the CHB patients were 84.7%, 58.2%and 39.8%, respectively.Among the patients with PLC, the prevalence rates of neutralizing antibodies were as follows:AdHu5, 75.1%;AdHu26, 66.8%;AdC68, 32.1%.CONCLUSION:The prevalence rates and titers of neutralizing antibodies against AdC68 were the lowest among the 3 adenoviruses.There-fore, AdC68 serves as more suitable biological therapy vectors for CHB and PLC than AdHu5 and AdHu26.

Distribution and influence factors of Anammox bacteria in sewage treatment systems / 生物工程学报

Nitrogen removal techniques based on Anammox process are developing rapidly these years. The distribution and diversity of Anammox have become important research directions. A variety of Anammox have been detected till now, of which only Kuenenia and Brocadia are often detected in wastewater treatment systems. In addition, in a single niche there is only one type of Anammox bacteria. However, the distribution mechanism and transformation of Anammox bacteria in different niches are still ambiguous. Therefore, the distribution of Anammox in various conditions was summarized and analyzed in this article. And the key factors influencing the distribution of Anammox were concluded, including substrate concentration and the specific growth rate, sludge properties and microbial niche, the joint action and influence of multiple factors. The engineering significance research on the distribution and influencing factors of Anammox bacteria in the sewage system and proposed research prospects were expounded.